owlapy.owl_reasoner

OWL Reasoner

Module Contents

Classes

OWLReasoner

An OWLReasoner reasons over a set of axioms (the set of reasoner axioms) that is based on the imports closure of

class owlapy.owl_reasoner.OWLReasoner(ontology: owlapy.owl_ontology.OWLOntology)

An OWLReasoner reasons over a set of axioms (the set of reasoner axioms) that is based on the imports closure of a particular ontology - the “root” ontology.

__slots__ = ()

abstract data_property_domains(pe: owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the class expressions that are the direct or indirect domains of this property with respect to the

imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• pe – The property expression whose domains are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct domains should be retrieved (True), or if all domains should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

Let N = equivalent_classes(DataSomeValuesFrom(pe rdfs:Literal)). If direct is True: then if N is not empty then the return value is N, else the return value is the result of super_classes(DataSomeValuesFrom(pe rdfs:Literal), true). If direct is False: then the result of super_classes(DataSomeValuesFrom(pe rdfs:Literal), false) together with N if N is non-empty. (Note, rdfs:Literal is the top datatype).

abstract object_property_domains(pe: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectProperty, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the class expressions that are the direct or indirect domains of this property with respect to the

imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• pe – The property expression whose domains are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct domains should be retrieved (True), or if all domains should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

Let N = equivalent_classes(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(pe owl:Thing)). If direct is True: then if N is not empty then the return value is N, else the return value is the result of super_classes(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(pe owl:Thing), true). If direct is False: then the result of super_classes(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(pe owl:Thing), false) together with N if N is non-empty.

abstract object_property_ranges(pe: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectProperty, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the class expressions that are the direct or indirect ranges of this property with respect to the

imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• pe – The property expression whose ranges are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct ranges should be retrieved (True), or if all ranges should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

Let N = equivalent_classes(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(pe) owl:Thing)). If direct is True: then if N is not empty then the return value is N, else the return value is the result of super_classes(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(pe) owl:Thing), true). If direct is False: then the result of super_classes(ObjectSomeValuesFrom(ObjectInverseOf(pe) owl:Thing), false) together with N if N is non-empty.

abstract equivalent_classes(ce: owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression, only_named: bool = True) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the class expressions that are equivalent to the specified class expression with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

• ce – The class expression whose equivalent classes are to be retrieved.

• only_named – Whether to only retrieve named equivalent classes or also complex class expressions.

Returns:

All class expressions C where the root ontology imports closure entails EquivalentClasses(ce C). If ce is not a class name (i.e. it is an anonymous class expression) and there are no such classes C then there will be no result. If ce is unsatisfiable with respect to the set of reasoner axioms then owl:Nothing, i.e. the bottom node, will be returned.

abstract disjoint_classes(ce: owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression, only_named: bool = True) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the class expressions that are disjoint with specified class expression with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

• ce – The class expression whose disjoint classes are to be retrieved.

• only_named – Whether to only retrieve named disjoint classes or also complex class expressions.

Returns:

All class expressions D where the set of reasoner axioms entails EquivalentClasses(D ObjectComplementOf(ce)) or StrictSubClassOf(D ObjectComplementOf(ce)).

abstract different_individuals(ind: owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual]

Gets the individuals that are different from the specified individual with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

ind – The individual whose different individuals are to be retrieved.

Returns:

All individuals x where the set of reasoner axioms entails DifferentIndividuals(ind x).

abstract same_individuals(ind: owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual]

Gets the individuals that are the same as the specified individual with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

ind – The individual whose same individuals are to be retrieved.

Returns:

All individuals x where the root ontology imports closure entails SameIndividual(ind x).

abstract equivalent_object_properties(op: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression]

Gets the simplified object properties that are equivalent to the specified object property with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

op – The object property whose equivalent object properties are to be retrieved.

Returns:

All simplified object properties e where the root ontology imports closure entails EquivalentObjectProperties(op e). If op is unsatisfiable with respect to the set of reasoner axioms then owl:bottomDataProperty will be returned.

abstract equivalent_data_properties(dp: owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty]

Gets the data properties that are equivalent to the specified data property with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

dp – The data property whose equivalent data properties are to be retrieved.

Returns:

All data properties e where the root ontology imports closure entails EquivalentDataProperties(dp e). If dp is unsatisfiable with respect to the set of reasoner axioms then owl:bottomDataProperty will be returned.

abstract data_property_values(ind: owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual, pe: owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty, direct: bool = True) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_literal.OWLLiteral]

Gets the data property values for the specified individual and data property expression.

Parameters:

• ind – The individual that is the subject of the data property values.

• pe – The data property expression whose values are to be retrieved for the specified individual.

• direct – Specifies if the direct values should be retrieved (True), or if all values should be retrieved (False), so that sub properties are taken into account.

Returns:

A set of OWLLiterals containing literals such that for each literal l in the set, the set of reasoner axioms entails DataPropertyAssertion(pe ind l).

abstract object_property_values(ind: owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual, pe: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression, direct: bool = True) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual]

Gets the object property values for the specified individual and object property expression.

Parameters:

• ind – The individual that is the subject of the object property values.

• pe – The object property expression whose values are to be retrieved for the specified individual.

• direct – Specifies if the direct values should be retrieved (True), or if all values should be retrieved (False), so that sub properties are taken into account.

Returns:

The named individuals such that for each individual j, the set of reasoner axioms entails ObjectPropertyAssertion(pe ind j).

abstract flush() → None

Flushes any changes stored in the buffer, which causes the reasoner to take into consideration the changes the current root ontology specified by the changes.

abstract instances(ce: owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual]

Gets the individuals which are instances of the specified class expression.

Parameters:

• ce – The class expression whose instances are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct instances should be retrieved (True), or if all instances should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

If direct is True, each named individual j where the set of reasoner axioms entails DirectClassAssertion(ce, j). If direct is False, each named individual j where the set of reasoner axioms entails ClassAssertion(ce, j). If ce is unsatisfiable with respect to the set of reasoner axioms then nothing returned.

abstract sub_classes(ce: owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression, direct: bool = False, only_named: bool = True) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the set of named classes that are the strict (potentially direct) subclasses of the specified class expression with respect to the reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

• ce – The class expression whose strict (direct) subclasses are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct subclasses should be retrieved (True) or if the all subclasses (descendant) classes should be retrieved (False).

• only_named – Whether to only retrieve named sub-classes or also complex class expressions.

Returns:

If direct is True, each class C where reasoner axioms entails DirectSubClassOf(C, ce). If direct is False, each class C where reasoner axioms entails StrictSubClassOf(C, ce). If ce is equivalent to owl:Nothing then nothing will be returned.

abstract disjoint_object_properties(op: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression]

Gets the simplified object properties that are disjoint with the specified object property with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

op – The object property whose disjoint object properties are to be retrieved.

Returns:

All simplified object properties e where the root ontology imports closure entails EquivalentObjectProperties(e ObjectPropertyComplementOf(op)) or StrictSubObjectPropertyOf(e ObjectPropertyComplementOf(op)).

abstract disjoint_data_properties(dp: owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty]

Gets the data properties that are disjoint with the specified data property with respect to the set of reasoner axioms.

Parameters:

dp – The data property whose disjoint data properties are to be retrieved.

Returns:

All data properties e where the root ontology imports closure entails EquivalentDataProperties(e DataPropertyComplementOf(dp)) or StrictSubDataPropertyOf(e DataPropertyComplementOf(dp)).

abstract sub_data_properties(dp: owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty]

Gets the set of named data properties that are the strict (potentially direct) subproperties of the specified data property expression with respect to the imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• dp – The data property whose strict (direct) subproperties are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct subproperties should be retrieved (True) or if the all subproperties (descendants) should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

If direct is True, each property P where the set of reasoner axioms entails DirectSubDataPropertyOf(P, pe). If direct is False, each property P where the set of reasoner axioms entails StrictSubDataPropertyOf(P, pe). If pe is equivalent to owl:bottomDataProperty then nothing will be returned.

abstract super_data_properties(dp: owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLDataProperty]

Gets the stream of data properties that are the strict (potentially direct) super properties of the specified data property with respect to the imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• dp (OWLDataProperty) – The data property whose super properties are to be retrieved.

• direct (bool) – Specifies if the direct super properties should be retrieved (True) or if the all super properties (ancestors) should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

Iterable of super properties.

abstract sub_object_properties(op: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression]

Gets the stream of simplified object property expressions that are the strict (potentially direct) subproperties of the specified object property expression with respect to the imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• op – The object property expression whose strict (direct) subproperties are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct subproperties should be retrieved (True) or if the all subproperties (descendants) should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

If direct is True, simplified object property expressions, such that for each simplified object property expression, P, the set of reasoner axioms entails DirectSubObjectPropertyOf(P, pe). If direct is False, simplified object property expressions, such that for each simplified object property expression, P, the set of reasoner axioms entails StrictSubObjectPropertyOf(P, pe). If pe is equivalent to owl:bottomObjectProperty then nothing will be returned.

abstract super_object_properties(op: owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.owl_property.OWLObjectPropertyExpression]

Gets the stream of object properties that are the strict (potentially direct) super properties of the specified object property with respect to the imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• op (OWLObjectPropertyExpression) – The object property expression whose super properties are to be retrieved.

• direct (bool) – Specifies if the direct super properties should be retrieved (True) or if the all super properties (ancestors) should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

Iterable of super properties.

abstract types(ind: owlapy.owl_individual.OWLNamedIndividual, direct: bool = False) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClass]

Gets the named classes which are (potentially direct) types of the specified named individual.

Parameters:

• ind – The individual whose types are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct types should be retrieved (True), or if all types should be retrieved (False).

Returns:

If direct is True, each named class C where the set of reasoner axioms entails DirectClassAssertion(C, ind). If direct is False, each named class C where the set of reasoner axioms entails ClassAssertion(C, ind).

abstract get_root_ontology() → owlapy.owl_ontology.OWLOntology

Gets the “root” ontology that is loaded into this reasoner. The reasoner takes into account the axioms in this ontology and its import’s closure.

abstract is_isolated()

Return True if this reasoner is using an isolated ontology.

abstract super_classes(ce: owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression, direct: bool = False, only_named: bool = True) → Iterable[owlapy.class_expression.OWLClassExpression]

Gets the stream of named classes that are the strict (potentially direct) super classes of the specified class expression with respect to the imports closure of the root ontology.

Parameters:

• ce – The class expression whose strict (direct) super classes are to be retrieved.

• direct – Specifies if the direct super classes should be retrieved (True) or if the all super classes (ancestors) classes should be retrieved (False).

• only_named – Whether to only retrieve named super classes or also complex class expressions.

Returns:

If direct is True, each class C where the set of reasoner axioms entails DirectSubClassOf(ce, C). If direct is False, each class C where set of reasoner axioms entails StrictSubClassOf(ce, C). If ce is equivalent to owl:Thing then nothing will be returned.